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The HeadStart Learning Programme

The Evidence Based Practice Unit leads the national evaluation of HeadStart. Together with our partners, we evaluate and share learning from the HeadStart programme. 

What is HeadStart?

Started in 2016, HeadStart was a six-year, £67.4 million National Lottery funded programme set up by The National Lottery Community Fund. It aimed to explore and test new ways to improve the mental health and wellbeing of young people aged 10–16 and prevent serious mental health issues from developing. To do this, six local-authority-led HeadStart partnerships worked with local young people, schools, families, charities, community and public services to design and try out new interventions aiming to promote young people’s mental health, wellbeing and resilience. The six HeadStart partnerships were based in Blackpool, Cornwall, Hull, Kent, Newham and Wolverhampton.  

As a test and learn programme HeadStart ended in July 2022, with many of the approaches having been sustained and embedded locally. We will complete the national evaluation of HeadStart by mid-2023.

The HeadStart Learning Team

The Evidence Based Practice Unit has been working with The National Lottery Community Fund and the HeadStart partnerships to collect and evaluate evidence about what does and does not work locally to benefit young people, now and in the future. Partners working with the Evidence Based Practice Unit on this evaluation included the University of Manchester and the Child Outcomes Research Consortium. This collaboration was called the HeadStart Learning Team. Previous partners in the HeadStart Learning Team include the London School of Economics (LSE) and Common Room.  

The HeadStart Learning Team used a mixture of questionnaire and interview methods. Young people completed questionnaires every year to help track changes in their feelings and behaviour over time. Professionals provided information regularly about the support that was offered as part of HeadStart. Professionals and young people took part in annual interviews to explore challenges and opportunities around delivery and to explore what young people found helpful. 

Together with colleagues from The National Lottery Community Fund, the HeadStart Learning Team developed the Wellbeing Measurement Framework (WMF), a suite of measurement booklets for primary school, secondary school and college students. Each WMF is a comprehensive and practical package of validated measures that are designed to assess a range of mental health indices, including positive wellbeing, behavioural or emotional difficulties and the presence and strength of protective factors. 

Chief investigator: Professor Jess Deighton

  • HeadStart national evaluation final report - May 2023

    headstart-master-document-13.06.23

    Supporting the mental health and wellbeing of children and young people: the role of HeadStart.

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  • Case study 1 - Using surveys to measure wellbeing in schools: How to get a good response rate

    HeadStart areas have been successful in collecting a huge volume of data about student wellbeing using questionnaires. This is key to our aim to build evidence about what works and what doesn’t, and to share learning to benefit young people in future. Achieving this is no mean feat. This case study shares our learning about how to get a good response rate when using surveys to measure wellbeing in schools.

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  • Case study 2 - Reporting on young people's progress on intervention: Developing an intervention outcome report

    HeadStart Newham worked to develop a user friendly report for schools and community providers to see the progress of their young people following interventions. The reports were designed for a range of stakeholders including schools, delivery staff and the service leads, to assess whether the interventions meet the needs of young people and the service.

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  • Case study 3 - Using data to inform system and cultural change: Informing system and cultural change in emotional and mental health using the Wellbeing Measurement Framework survey results

    Cornwall case study on data linkage.

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  • Case Study 4 - Engaging children and young people meaningfully in evaluation and research: learning from HeadStart

    A review of what has been learnt from the Partnerships engagement in their evaluation and research work strands.

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  • Case Study 5 - Making best use of pupil mental health and wellbeing data

    Cross-partnership case study looking at the ways schools have used WMF data to change their practice.

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  • Case Study 6 - Evaluating a multi-disciplinary children’s referral service: HeadStart Kernow’s Bloom model

    In this case study we do not outline the findings of the evaluation work; these can be found by following the links at the end. Instead, this report outlines the challenges associated with an evaluation of Bloom, the process that HeadStart Kernow developed and implemented, and the key learning gained from undertaking this work.

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  • HeadStart heads up briefing 1 - What are HeadStart interventions focusing on to improve mental health in 10 to 16-year-olds?

    In this first briefing, we look at data on which protective factors and outcomes the six HeadStart partnerships are focusing on.

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  • HeadStart heads up briefing 2 - What are local HeadStart partnerships doing to support the mental health of children and young people aged 10 to 16?

    This briefing looks at the various interventions that have been put in place by HeadStart for young people ages 10-16.

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  • HeadStart heads up briefing 3 - How are systems change and sustainability being approached in HeadStart?

    This briefing looks at how HeadStart is helping to change the systems used to support children and young people on their mental health and wellbeing journey.

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  • HeadStart Heads Up briefing 4 - Young people's perspectives on social support and coping strategies (a COVID-19-relevant output)

    This report delves into HeadStart's research on the coping strategies young people use to cope with challenging times and their views on the support they receive.

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  • HeadStart heads up briefing 5 - Gender differences, improving support, and talking about mental health: learning from the 2020 HeadStart conference

    This briefing draws on the learnings taken from the HeadStart Learning 2020 Conference, including discussions of young people's views on how mental health issues differ between genders.

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  • HeadStart heads up briefing 6 - Targeted interventions in HeadStart: how do HeadStart partnerships support the mental health of young people, and do they reach those in need?

    In this briefing, we aim to illustrate the range of targeted interventions offered by six local authority led partnerships through the HeadStart programme. We also investigate whether these interventions reached young people with higher needs in terms of their mental health and wellbeing.

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  • HeadStart heads up briefing 7 - Mental health problems and subjective wellbeing: are they influenced by the same things?

    This briefing focuses on HeadStart research the examines the similarities and differences in the factors that influence mental health problems for children and young people and the factors influencing their wellbeing.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 1 - Mental health problems in young people, aged 11 to 14: results from the first HeadStart annual survey of 30,000 children

    The briefing offers up the implications and recommendations from HeadStart's survey on the mental health of young people aged 11 to 14.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 2 - HeadStart year 1: national qualitative evaluation findings - young people's perspectives

    T1 longitudinal study (partial) dataset: Young people's experiences of HeadStart, problems in life and their coping strategies/sources of support.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 3 - Learning from HeadStart: the relationship between mental health and school attainment, attendance and exclusions in young people aged 11 to 14

    Public facing summary of ‘Mental health and academic outputs’ looks at the relationship between mental health, attainment and attendance, using baseline data.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 4 - Learning from HeadStart: does social action help young people with emerging mental health issues?

    This study aimed to evaluate Team Social Action (TSA), which is a targeted intervention run in schools by Headstart Newham. Strand 1 employed a waitlist randomised controlled trial (RCT) and strand 2 involved qualitative interviews with pupils and staff, to evaluate whether TSA had a positive and significant impact on young people’s wellbeing, school connection, and peer support.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 5 - Whole school approaches to promoting mental health: what does the evidence say?

    Learning update on whole school approaches and checklist for schools to use.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 6 - Shining a light on risk and protective factors: young people’s experiences

    T1 and T2 longitudinal study dataset: Young people's experiences of HeadStart, and risk and protective factors.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 7 - Learning from HeadStart: the mental health and wellbeing of adolescent boys and girls

    This report examines the changing mental health and wellbeing of children and young people from early to mid-adolescence.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 8 - Learning from HeadStart: Does cross-age peer mentoring help young people with emerging mental health difficulties?

    Summative evidence briefing on peer mentoring/More Than Mentors in Newham.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 9 - HeadStart in schools: What do school staff members think?

    A study exploring HeadStart school staff members' experiences of the implementation of HeadStart and perceptions of impact at their school.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 10 - Delivery of the HeadStart programme during the coronavirus pandemic: HeadStart staff perspectives

    Staff perspectives on HeadStart delivery during the COVID-19 period.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 11 - Learning from HeadStart: does a brief, school-based intervention aimed at building resilience help children with emerging mental health difficulties?

    Summative evidence briefing on the Bounce Back intervention, delivered in HeadStart Newham. Looking at promising impact of the intervention.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 12 - Learning from HeadStart: changes in perceived social support during early adolescence

    Briefing drawing on pre-pandemic quantitative survey data, looking at the association between supportive relationships at school and mental health and well-being (most of our other coronavirus-related resources have focused on support from partnerships or families).

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 13 - Young people’s experiences of HeadStart: 2017–2021

    This report presents the views of young people on their experiences of HeadStart based on interviews with them conducted over the six years the programme has been running.

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  • HeadStart evidence briefing 14 - Youth participation: models used to understand young people’s participation in school and community programmes

    This briefing will direct attention to different models of participation that currently exist within various systems of care and support. It is important to note that while many more participation models exist, the focus of this briefing is on those that make a clear distinction between categories of involvement and differentiate between the roles of providers (e.g., programme staff) and service users (e.g., young people) within their models.

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  • At a Glance: Impact of HeadStart on Secondary Pupil Absence, Exclusion and Attainment

    This study was funded through the Children and Families Policy Research Unit by the National Institute for Health Research Policy Research Programme.

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  • Conducting economic evaluations of mental health and wellbeing early intervention and prevention programmes: Learning and insights from a real-world implementation context

    This study was funded through the Children and Families Policy Research Unit by the National Institute for Health Research Policy Research Programme.

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  • Learning from HeadStart: the mental health and wellbeing of boys and girls aged 11-14

    This booklet is about our research on the mental health and wellbeing of girls and boys, aged 11-14.

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  • What young people in HeadStart told us about: having difficulties and getting support (based on evidence briefing 6)

    We wanted to find out whether young people’s experiences of difficulties in their lives, and the support they received to cope with these difficulties, had changed during the first two years of HeadStart. We spoke to 78 young people at two separate times. We first spoke to them in 2017/18, and we interviewed the same young people again in 2018/19. Doing this meant that we could see what may have changed for these young people between the first and second time we interviewed them.

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  • What young people told us about: handling problems and difficult situations (based on evidence briefing 2)

    We wanted to find out how young people handle problems and difficult situations in their lives. We spoke to 63 young people who had either received support from HeadStart or could receive it in the future.

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  • Staff Perspectives on HeadStart Delivery

    This report presents views and learnings on the impact of HeadStart, based on research interviews conducted with staff members of each partnership after the first year of the programme.

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