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  • Mentalization and mental health outcomes in adolescents with internalizing disorders: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis

    This review of 23 studies found that poorer mentalization skills in adolescents are moderately linked to higher anxiety, depression, and internalizing symptoms, highlighting its role in supporting teen mental health.

    Authors: Malenka, A., Domench, C. G., Babl, A., et al.

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  • Randomized trial of feedback-informed online psychodynamic therapy for depressed adolescents

    This study evaluated online psychodynamic therapy for adolescents with depression, finding improvements in mood, anxiety, and emotion regulation for completers, but recruitment challenges under new EU rules led to early discontinuation.

    Authors: Philips, B., Mechler, J., Uckelstam, C.-J., et al.

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  • Self-criticism and dependency in adolescents with depression: Associations with clinical features and psychological functioning

    This study of 400+ clinically depressed adolescents found self-criticism linked to more severe mental health and relationship difficulties than dependency, with a gender-mismatch effect heightening anxiety and suicidal thoughts.

    Authors: Bai, Y., Midgley, N., Luyten, P.

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  • “I too deserve good”: A qualitative exploration of corrective relational experiences in psychodynamic therapy for depression

    This study examines corrective relational experiences in psychotherapy, identifying four common types and showing they support personal growth and strengthen therapeutic relationships, with lasting effects beyond treatment.

    Authors: Leibovich, L., Sadek, A., Ben David-Sela, T., et al.

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  • Alliance ruptures and resolutions when working with adolescents in CBT

    This chapter explores alliance ruptures in adolescent therapy and why repairing them matters. It offers practical, research-informed strategies to help CBT clinicians recognise and address ruptures, considering developmental needs, family involvement and common therapy challenges.

    Authors: Cirasola, A., Loades, M. & Midgley, N.

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  • Clinical and cost-effectiveness of blended vs face-to-face therapy for depression

    This study will assess if blended therapy (online and in-person) is as effective and cost-efficient as face-to-face CBT or PDT for major depression, aiming to reduce therapist workload and improve mental healthcare access.

    Authors: Luyten, P., Speybrouck, D., Martin, P.

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  • Short-term psychoanalytic therapy with depressed adolescents: lessons learned from the Improving Mood with Psychoanalytic and Cognitive Therapies (IMPACT) trial

    This review examined short-term psychoanalytic therapy for depressed teenagers, finding that a strong therapist–teen relationship is crucial. It offers insights to enhance therapist training and improve outcomes.

    Authors: Midgley, N., Calderon, A., Cirasola, A. et al.

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  • Therapists’ questions in short term psychoanalytic psychotherapy with depressed adolescents

    This study analysed how therapists use questions in psychoanalytic sessions with depressed adolescents, finding frequent questioning. Questions voicing unspoken negative feelings often prompted avoidance, offering insights for improving therapy techniques.

    Authors: Dehl, A., Edginton, E. & Midgley, N.

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  • ‘Maybe you don’t know what answers I want’: unresolved alliance ruptures preceding drop-out in short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy with depressed adolescents

    This study explored why some depressed adolescents left short-term psychoanalytic therapy early, finding weak therapeutic alliances and mismatches between withdrawn teens and therapists led to disengagement.

    Authors: Difronzo, M., Thackeray, L., O'Keeffe, S., et al.

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